's general knowledge of physiological function of the liver

's general knowledge of physiological function of the liver
The liver is the biggest digestive gland in the human body. Also the centeral station of internal metabolism. It is estimated, the chemical reaction taking place in the liver has more than 500 kinds, the experiment proves, animal pay corresponding treatment, can only survive for more than 50 hours at most behind not excising liver totally. It means the liver is an essential important organ which maintains the life activity. The blood flow volume of the liver is extremely abundant, account for 1/4 of the cardiac output. The blood flow volume of entering liver every minute is 1000-1200ml. The main function of the liver is that the resolving, storage which carries on the candy is glycogenic; Participate in the supersession of protein, fat, vitamin, hormone; Detoxication; Secrete the bile; Engulf, defend the function; Make blood coagulation factor; It is balanced to regulate the blood capacity and water electrolyte; Produce heat,etc.. There are hematopoietic functions in the embryo period liver.
The bile secretion of the liver:The hepatocyte can produce bile acid and secrete the bile constantly, the bile can promote fat digestion and absorption in the small intestine. Have bile of 600-1100ml every day, delivers to the gallbladder by the bile duct. The gallbladder arises to concentrate and discharges the function of the bile.
Liver and candy supersession:After the monosaccharide is absorbed by the mucous membrane of small intestine, reach the liver from the portal vein, change in the liver and store for glycogen of liver. Nearly include 100g glycogen of liver in the general adult's liver, only enough for fasting the spending of 24 hours. In the intersection of blood glucose and density of regulating in order to keep their have important function in being steady glycogen of liver. When working, being hungry, generating heat, blood glucose is consumed in a large amount, the hepatocyte can resolve the glycogen of liver into glucose to enter blood circulation, so blood glucose often changes while suffering from hepatopathy.
Liver and protein metabolism:Amino acid absorbing digestive tract carries on function of protein synthesis, taking off ammonia in the liver, transferring to ammonia etc., synthetic protein enters blood circulation to support the organ to organize the need all over. Liver a main place to formate plasma protein, because plasma protein can until various the intersection of organization and albumen newer to spend in the body, so the function that the liver formates the plasma protein has important meanings in maintaining the protein metabolism of organism. Ammonia that the liver produces the supersession of amino acid formates the urea, discharge outside the body by the kidney. So the plasma protein is reduced and blood ammonia can rise at the hepatopathy.
Liver, fat and candy supersession: The liver is the pivot that the fat is transported. Some fat digest and assimilate, enter liver, change into and then body fat later but storage. At the time of the hunger, the body fat stored can be transported to the liver first, then decompose. In the liver, the neutral fat can be hydrolyzed for glycerine and fatty acid, this response can be accelerated by lipase of liver, glycerine can be utilized through the candy supersession route, and fatty acid can be totally oxidized for the carbon dioxide and water. The liver is still one of the synthetic main organs of internal fatty acid, cholesterol, phosphatide. When the fat supersession is disorderly, can make the fat pile up and form fatty liver in the liver.
The formulation of heat:Water, balanced regulation of electrolyte, have liver's participation. The heat of the body of quiet opportunity is mainly offered by body viscera organ. The main organ producing heat during work and sport is muscles. In various viscera, the liver is the vigorous organ of internal supersession, when being quiet, liver the intersection of blood flow and temperature 0.4-0.8 degrees centigrade higher than aorta, prove it produce hot and relatively loud.
Vitamin. Hormone supersession:The liver can store lipid-soluble vitamin, 95% vitamin A of human body is stored in the liver, liver vitamin C, D, E, K, B1, B6, B12, nicotinic acid, folic acid many kinds of vitamin store place of supersession. Various hormone keep certain content in the blood under the normal situation, the surplus one is punished and lost activity by the liver. When suffering from hepatopathy, may present estrogen and deactivate the obstacle, aldehyde firm alcohol and vasopressin deactivates the obstacle; Clinical manifestation of expanding liver palm, capillary etc..
Detoxication function:In organism supersession, the portal vein collects the blood flowing here from the abdominal cavity, the harmful substance in the blood and sex material which the microorganism resisted, will be detoxified and removed in the liver. The liver mainly has four ways to detoxify: ( 1) Chemical method: Such as oxidizing, reducing, decomposing, combining and taking off oxygen function. ( 2) Secretion: Some heavy metal such as mercury, and the bacterium from intestine, can secrete and discharge with the bile. ( 3) Accumulate function; ( 4) Phagocytosis. The liver is a main detoxication organ of the human body, it can protect organism against and damage, make the poisonous substance become the material nonpoisonous or with big solubility, discharge Sue with the bile or urine outside.
Defend the function:The liver is that the biggest netted endothelial cell engulf the system. Liver cortex it contains a large number of to be withered to deny cells, there is very strong engulfing ability in the intravenous sinus, 99% of the bacteria are engulfed while passing the intravenous sinus of liver in the blood of portal vein. So, a importance of straining function of the liver is extremely obvious.
The amount of blood circulation regulated:The intravenous sinus can store a certain amount of blood in the liver when being normal, while losing blood in the organism, discharge more blood from intravenous sinus in liver, in order to compensate the oligemic deficiency of circulation around.
Make blood coagulation factor:The liver is the main place of many kinds of blood coagulation factors in the human body, 12 kinds of blood coagulation factors in the human body, among them 4 kinds are all formated in the liver. Can cause the intersection of blood coagulation and factor lack, lead to the fact blood coagulation time lengthen and take place inclination of bleeding at the hepatopathy.
The regeneration ability of the liver:Adult it is 1500 gram about for liver to weigh up to, most old organ under abdominal cavity, flow through blood quantity of liver, also up to more than 1000 ml 1 minute. Even liver is cut and lose half, or is injured seriously, the residual normal hepatocyte can still be engaged in its work as usual. It proves, after cutting away mouse's liver half, the mouse takes food and is alive vigorously as usual that experimental, it is often still normal to check its work index of liver. In mankind, grow up light a plurality of the intersection of tumour and piece in the liver, or cancerous swelling deformed liver, but these take the intersection of location and the intersection of and pathological change, oppress, remit area under control only, remain, organize by 300 more than the intersection of health and liver, the diet respect of the patient does not still have obvious symptom. The liver work does not have too great obstacle. Can restore to the original state after the operation excises 75% of the mice of liver in 3 weeks: The same dog takes 8 weeks: The mankind takes about 4 months. Therefore, the liver has other organ incomparable vigorous regeneration and recovery ability.
According to above-mentioned theory, operation excise patient of hepatocarcinoma survive more than 10 years person already so far there is no lack of such people, specific hepatocarcinoma has excised a patient for already 20 years alive. Acute the intersection of liver and necrosis implement, change liver, have, survive more than report for less than 5 year while being postoperative. With the development in science and technology, should believe the day conquering virus hepatitis and hepatocarcinoma completely is sure to come. Animal's test proves, after the liver is excised 70-80%, do not demonstrate the obvious physiological disorder. And the residual liver can be long to the original size in 8 weeks within 3 weeks. It means, the liver has regenerated functions.
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