Postoperative hepatocarcinoma attends to _'s prevention and health care

Postoperative hepatocarcinoma attends to _'s prevention and health care
6- 24h after the operation, fetch and half lie in the location while waking up, close one pair of eyes a little, deeply breathe with the nose, guide patient's upper limbs - elbow joint - shoulder joint and crook and stretch the toe end of movement and lower extremities - digit - ankle joint - knee joint - hip joint to crook stretching, turn over inside, valgus sports. 4 times a day, 10 times each time. More postoperative by the first day ' 24- 48h) Strengthen activity at first stage, increase the intersection of activity and project, fetch, lie in the location by half, increase and expand chest sports, 2-3 times a day, 5 times each time, the companion can be assisted to stand up by others while coughing, light to knock back every 2h once. More postoperative by the second day ' 48- 72h) Instruct the patient how to move four limbs voluntarily, once of every 2h, 5- 10min each time, the activity of leaving the bed such as getting old and weak or unable, should lift the buttocks to train to it, the method is that two legs flex, two arms prop up the bed, lift the buttocks repeatedly, 50-100 times a day, increase the number of times gradually, until keeping in touch with. Kinds of method to other stomach, bile duct, pancreas operation can adopt, wriggle in promoting the intestines, will keep in touch with as soon as possible, will prevent the intestines and glue very good curative effect. Postoperative the third day, pull out one pair of sleeve pipes, advise a patient and sit by the bed, both legs are flagging, move four limbs, neck department joint and muscle voluntarily, walk under the circumstances that he supports according to the circumstances, pays attention to preventing and curing cold and aggravates the condition, should standing begins by the bed in the exercise activity of leaving the bed, walk with the bed progressively, 2-3 times a day, 15- 20min each time.
2.2 The respiratory tract is attended to because the operation wound is big, the skin of diaphragm is raised, it is limited to breathe sports, if patient present, cough and expectoration difficult, can offer atomization suck, 2 times a day, each atomization offer, stand up in time suck, light to knock back, instruct patient that both hands are pressed and cut-outed, deeply breathe and cough, encourage expectorating the phlegm.
2.3 The psychology is attended to because the operation can produce pain to cut-out the friction with the drainage tube, to causing the agony on patient's human body, follow the doctor's advice and ease pain the pump use continuously, and the result of using medicine of observation, can dredge the psychology according to patient's psychology, cutural dynamics, offer spiritual comfort, establish and overcome the confidence of disease. Cough, deeply breathe and press and cut-out with hands, appropriate fixed drainage tube, prevent the drainage tube from moving pain caused back and forth.
2.4 The diet attends to general fasting for 3 days, after the intestines wriggle and resume, flow completely Half flow General food. Because liver function fails, lose the appetite, the nutritional status is relatively bad, the nutrition support that should offer, when the patient can take food, instruct the patient how to choose some high heat, right amount of high-quality albumens, high vitamin, low lipoprotein, low sodium, apt to digest the food. It is a basic principle to have more meals a day but less food at each, avoid the raw and cold and rigid food, measure patient's weight regularly, in order to understand nutritional status.
2.5 Clean, attend to because of drainage tube, keep catheterization, malnutritive and the intersection of phlegm and liquid may become the potential danger infected while being too much, should strengthen skin care, every of daily expenses warm water scrub whole body for several times, keep oral cavity and perineum part clean, keep the bed clean and dry, change sheet and patient and take once every day. Strengthen the oral cavity to attend to during fasting. While changing dressings, treating, attending to, carry out the aseptic operational procedure strictly, cut off and infect the route; Keep every drainage tube unobstructed, the belly does not have positive physical sign, at the time of the guiding amount 3 recovers and attends to
The patient excises because of the lobe of the liver, should observe the consciousness state closely, psychotomimetically, look after ability to reduce oneself, personality and behavior disorder, the diet forbids the high protein diet, it is the master's food to offer carbohydrate, guarantee the equilibrium of water, electrolytes and other nutrition. Stay in bed and avoid moving vigorously, the clean intestine, can reduce the source of ammonia of blood before the skill, may dispel for liver encephalopathy some factor postoperative, postoperative intermittence give 3- 4 days such as oxygen, in order to protect the hepatocyte, keep blood and oxygen saturation lever above 95%.
In addition, the person who excises future trouble of the skill of a few lobes of the liver because the abdominal cavity can not guide smoothly, can cause the liver to achieve some infection of Taxi, result in, continue emergence that bleed of sending etc., can cause the digestive tract to bleed also while being postoperative, should observe patient's digestive tract symptom tightly, if vomit, should observe the colors and properties of the vomit and excrement and urine, make latent blood to test if necessary.
4 leaves hospital the health is guided
( 1) Have a rest with the activity: Pay attention to staying in bed in postoperative 3 months, increase the blood flow volume of the liver, lighten the liver burden, help the liver to repair and resume with liver function. Pay attention to striking a proper balance between work and rest, do exercises appropriately, such as jogging, taking a walk etc., avoid the tired and heavy physical exertion, pay attention to the self-protection.
( 2) The diet is recuperated: Diet light, at regular time and quantity, right amount of high-quality albumen, high heat, rich food containing vitamin, low fat, avoid eating stimulating food such as being fried, raw and cold, spicy, eat more fresh vegetables, fruit, give up smoking and drinking.
( 3) Reexamine AFP, liver function, Ultrasonography B, CT,etc. regularly.
( 4) Keep mood steady, Chinese medicine thinks" anger injures the liver " ,Try hard, avoid nervous excited, keep happy, cooperate with every treatment and attend to with positive optimistic attitude, recover as soon as possible.
|